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Group Processes & Intergroup Relations
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Negative Affect and Political Sensitivity in Crossed Categorization: Self-Reports versus EMG

Nurcan Ensari

Alliant International University

Jared B. Kenworthy

Lynn Urban

Carrie J. Canales

Eduardo Vasquez

Deanah Kim

Norman Miller

University of Southern California

We experimentally examined the effects of negative integral affect on preferences among the double in-group (ii), crossed (io and oi), and double out-group (oo) targets of the crossed categorization paradigm. We used insults from members of politically sensitive vs. non-sensitive out-group categories of a crossed target (Oi) to induce affect. Dependent measures included self-reports and a psycho-physiological measure of affect (facial electromyography, EMG). Under no insult, participants conformed to social desirability pressure and favorably evaluated targets with a politically sensitive out-group membership, whereas facial EMG measures indicated greater negativity toward those same targets. Negativity of self-report and facial EMG measures converged, however, when members of a politically sensitive out-group category had provided hostility-justifying insults.

Key Words: crossed categorization • EMG • insult • intergroup • negative affect • political sensitivity • self-reports

Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Vol. 7, No. 1, 55-75 (2004)
DOI: 10.1177/1368430204039973
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J. B. Kenworthy and J. Jones
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[Abstract] [PDF]