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Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, Vol. 4, No. 2,
116-125 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/1368430201004002003
© 2001 SAGE Publications
Social Identity Precursors to the Hostile Media Phenomenon: Partisan Perceptions of Coverage of the Bosnian Conflict
Kimberly Matheson
Carleton University, kimmatheson{at}pigeon.carleton.ca
Sanela Dursun
Carleton University
Perceptions of bias in an impartial media have been consistently documented among partisan audiences. It is argued that this phenomenon is grounded in the processes associated with a group identity that evoke cognitive differentiation between the in-group and the out-group and motivate in-group bias. Bosnian Serb and Muslim partisans and a group of nonpartisan controls responded to media coverage of the 1994 Sarajevo market bombing. Results indicated a strong hostile media effect. This effect was associated with in-group identification and cognitive differentiation between groups, the latter of which appeared to mediate the effect of identification. The extent to which the hostile media effect is a mechanism for enhancing a positive and distinct in-group identity was further supported by self-serving perceptions concerning which group was responsible for the bombing. It was suggested that the hostile media phenomenon reflects a form of in-group bias.
Key Words: cognitive differentiation • group identification • hostile media phenomenon
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